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Movement of yield increases from the West to the Developing World

1943, Rockefeller Foundation established the precursor to CIMMYT in Mexico

1947, Independence of India and Pakistan from Great Britain
   parastatal seed and grain monopolies
   breeding and seed production problem
   rural famine

late 1950's and early 1960's, Dwarf Wheats developed in Mexico, Pitic 62
    shuttle breeding (Toluca to Ciudad Obregon)

1963, Rockefeller Foundation formally established CIMMYT, Norman Borlaug sent to Pakistan and India

1965, famine induced governments to commit to dwarf wheat

1965, Borlaug sent CIMMYT wheat to Pakistan via LA

1965-66 India Pakistan War

1966, Borlaug made private contracts for seed production

1967 harvest owing to 1966 seed production increased

1968, Pakistan was self-sufficient in wheat production

1968, seed & fertilizer made available in India

1974, India was self-sufficient in wheat production

1980's and 1990's Backlash from High-Yield Agriculture

Africa?

Current World Population

1.1 Billion People Living in Poverty (International Food Policy Research Institute, IFPRI)

Nitrogen Use Efficiency Spread Sheet

Nitrogen Use Efficiency, BIOEN Lecture

N Cycle, MU

N Cycle in Circles